The challenges faced by each generation tend to take different forms, often leading to conversations about which generation had it harder. Solutions to these challenges, or the ability to find them, however, seem to be grounded in certain principles, evergreen through the ages. Perhaps, then, it is not the hardships of history—but the triumphs of leadership—that repeat themselves.
David McCullough, a well-regarded author and U.S. historian, has studied leaders extensively throughout his career. He once pointed out that while George Washington faced different demands and obstacles in his day, he still had a responsibility to lead people despite any uncertainty of what the future held. Washington’s qualities and philosophies are part of a continuum of values, one that makes certain characteristics familiar and even timeless.
Some of the greatest leadership lessons have come from those before us. Here are eight enduring principles that underpin successful leadership.
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Opportunity is a matter of perspective
Leaders are entrepreneurial in many ways. One of the main reasons is their ability—or willingness—to see what others do not. Opportunity occasionally presents itself without any effort from the individual, although more often than not one must look for it. Strong leaders throughout time are the ones who focus on the task at hand while simultaneously exploring available resources and possible options. Uncovering opportunity requires an active mindset.
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Purpose drives effective change
The topic of change presents two different types of approaches: active and reactive. Leaders who develop a strategy for managing change almost always have the upper hand compared with those who do not. This involves putting purpose at the basis of every transition, rather than simply trying out something new for fun.
Leaders will find that a well-defined strategy for change is invaluable when the stimulus for the shift is external. Outside forces, such as market movement, lose their power over an organization when the leader anticipates change and plans ahead.
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Risk comes with the territory
Pursuing new ideas and plans of action is central to the role of a leader, and with that task risk is inevitable. One way to mitigate risk involves calculating it. A commitment to preparation, including an investment in one’s self and others, will help in those measurements. Leaders must develop the courage and confidence necessary to execute, and having as much preparation in place as possible can smooth the waters when moving into new territory.
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The first person you must lead is yourself
Several different types and styles of leadership exist—some of which come naturally and others which one must develop. Whatever the “brand” is, leaders need to firmly establish it so that they maintain their position of influence. What it means is recognizing that others will set the expectations for you as a leader if you do not. Establishing a strong identity from the beginning will garner you respect from others and increase the efficacy of an organization’s operations.
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Adversity should be embraced
Similar to opportunity, adversity is defined by perspective. Leaders should look at challenges from as many angles as possible. A short-term problem may be just that when viewed through a bigger lens. In the case of smaller problems, awareness will help leaders to quickly identify and address them before they grow.
Many leadership qualities go hand in hand, and in some ways adversity makes that connection. Whether to define your leadership identity or to figure out a better way for your company to move forward, you must embrace adversity.
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The team says a lot about the coach
Even with a leadership brand in place, those with whom you associate will invariably influence you. The people whom you choose to be around you says quite a bit about your goals, intentions, and time management. In researching one of his books, David McCullough found that President Truman had no problem surrounding himself with people who were smarter and more qualified than he was. Leadership requires the humility to identify one’s weaknesses and then to network with individuals who have the desired strengths.
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Success is measured in the long run
From one industry to another, there is a host of accolades that leaders might be inclined to pursue. While these recognitions represent achievement, they should be viewed as milestones rather than as destinations. Leaders build legacies through consistent growth and achievement, and these processes can only occur if an individual never stops pursuing them. Progression stops when you think you have arrived.
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Listen above all else
Perhaps listening is the most timeless skill of all. Leaders should take advantage of every opportunity to hear suggestions or feedback from others. This also includes creating opportunities by seeking out and initiating conversations with employees and customers. Knowing where people are at in their careers and where their ambitions lie is valuable information. Listening strengthens relationships and fosters the most productive kind of collaboration.